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Archive for May, 2007

Parkinson’s Fitness Plan Delays The Disease

Wednesday, May 30th, 2007

Patients are discovering first-hand that daily exercise has a positive effect on the course of Parkinson’s Disease, minimizing symptoms and delaying the effects of the disease.

David Zid, an ACE, APG certified trainer, has collaborated with orthopedic surgeon Thomas H. Mallory, M.D., who is afflicted with Parkinson’s Disease, in the development of a Parkinson’s-specific fitness program designed to proactively minimize tremors and improve flexibility, stability, balance and strength. The noticeable physical and mental improvement of program participants led Zid to share the fitness agenda in his newly released book, Delay the Disease – Exercise and Parkinson’s Disease (70 pp, $19.95)

Emerging scientific evidence confirms that exercise lessens neurological deterioration that contributes to Parkinson’s progression. Exercise, combined with appropriate medication, has an overwhelmingly positive effect on the course of this disease.

As Assistant Professor of Neurology and Director of the Movement Disorder Division of The Ohio State University Medical Center, Karen Thomas, D.O. specializes in the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. “The development of this exercise program has been invaluable to my patients. I stress the multi-factorial approach to Parkinson’s Disease and emphasize that staying active and exercising daily absolutely must go hand-in-hand with medicine treatment. This program allows a guided approach that focuses on the specific exercise needs of persons with Parkinson’s Disease,” states Dr. Thomas.

Parkinson’s patients participating in Zid’s fitness program notice improvement in walking, dressing and maintaining balance. According to a program participant, “This exercise program gives me the feeling that I am taking control of my illness. My arm swing is returning and my walking speed has increased. I no longer shuffle. I can sit and stand with ease. I am more independent. But most importantly, my mental outlook is better.”

Author Zid states “My biggest joy is when a participant in my Parkinson’s exercise program approaches me to say ‘Thank you, David; I thought today was a bad day, but now that I have exercised, I am so much better.’” Zid wants more people to experience that improvement. His advice to readers: “Keep moving. Stay positive.”

The user-friendly book outlines a daily and weekly exercise agenda for every patient at any stage of the disease and clearly labels level of difficulty options. Exercises are divided into categories (wake up call, walking and balance, cardiovascular, strength, facial and vocal, night-time stretching); and movements are clearly demonstrated in full-color photographs. A companion DVD is available.

Parkinson’s Disease remains a mystery of medical science. For reason’s unknown, certain brain cells stop producing a substance called Dopamine, which affects an individual’s movement, strength and balance. There is currently no cure, though stem cell research offers future promise.

A portion of the proceeds from the sale of Delay the Disease will be used to support the research, development and treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. The book is available for purchase at select bookstores and online at http://www.delaythedisease.com/.

Author David Zid, a graduate of The Ohio State University, has been a professional fitness instructor and certified trainer in Columbus, Ohio since 1997. He is owner and president of Columbus Health Works, a personal training company. David developed a special interest in training older adults, and finds inspiration in his clients with Parkinson’s Disease.

Link Between Parkinson’s And Narcolepsy Discovered

Saturday, May 19th, 2007

Science Daily — Parkinson’s disease is well-known for its progression of motor disorders: stiffness, slowness, tremors, difficulties walking and talking. Less well known is that Parkinson’s shares other symptoms with narcolepsy, a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep, severe fatigue and general sleep disorder.

Now a team of UCLA and Veterans Affairs researchers think they know why — the two disorders share something in common: Parkinson’s disease patients have severe damage to the same small group of neurons whose loss causes narcolepsy. The findings suggest a different clinical course of treatment for people suffering with Parkinson’s that may ameliorate their sleep symptoms.

In their report in the May issue of the journal Brain, Jerry Siegel, professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, assistant resident neurobiologist Thomas C. Thannickal and associate research physiologist Yuan-Yang Lai have determined that Parkinson’s disease patients have a loss of up to 60 percent of brain cells containing the peptide hypocretin.

In 2000, this same group of UCLA researchers first identified the cause of narcolepsy as a loss of hypocretin, thought to be important in regulating the sleep cycle. This latest research points to a common cause for the sleep disorders associated with these two diseases and suggests that treatment of Parkinson’s disease patients with hypocretin or hypocretin analogs may reverse these symptoms.

More than 1 million people in the U.S. have been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, and approximately 20 million worldwide. (The percentage of those afflicted increases with age.)  Narcolepsy affects approximately one in 2,000 individuals — about 150,000 in the United States and 3 million worldwide. Its main symptoms are sleep attacks, nighttime sleeplessness and cataplexy, the sudden loss of skeletal muscle tone without loss of consciousness; that is, although the person cannot talk or move, they are otherwise in a state of high alertness, feeling, hearing and remembering everything that is going on around them.

“When we think of Parkinson’s, the first thing that comes to mind are the motor disorders associated with it,” said Siegel, who is also chief of neurobiology research at the Sepulveda Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Mission Hills, Calif. “But sleep disruption is a major problem in Parkinson’s, often more disturbing than its motor symptoms. And most Parkinson’s patients have daytime sleep attacks that resemble narcoleptic sleep attacks.”

In fact, said Siegel, Parkinson’s disease is often preceded and accompanied by daytime sleep attacks, nocturnal insomnia, REM sleep disorder, hallucinations and depression. All of these symptoms are also present in narcolepsy.

In the study, the researchers examined 16 human brains from cadavers — five from normal adults and 11 in various stages of Parkinson’s — and found an increasing loss of hypocretin cells (Hcrt) with disease progression. In fact, said Siegel, the later stages of Parkinson’s were “characterized by a massive loss of the Hcrt neurons. That leads us to believe the loss of Hcrt cells may be a cause of the narcolepsy-like symptoms of [Parkinson's] and may be ameliorated by treatments aimed at reversing the Hcrt deficit.”

Funding for the study was provided by the National Institutes of Health and the Medical Research Service of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.

 Note: This story has been adapted from a news release issued by UCLA.

Source:

American Academy of Neurology

FDA clears Schwarz’s Parkinson’s patch

Thursday, May 17th, 2007

FDA clears Schwarz’s Parkinson’s patch (Pharmaceutical Business Review)

The FDA has approved Schwarz Pharmas Parkinsons disease patch Neupro for the early stages of the disease.

Read More…

Animal study cuts Parkinson’s symptoms (Moldova.org) Spanish scientists report success

Thursday, May 17th, 2007

Animal study cuts Parkinson’s symptoms (Moldova.org)


Spanish scientists report success in treating Parkinson’s disease symptoms in monkeys by implanting dopamine generators into the animals’ brain cells.Researchers at the Navarra University Hospital in Pamplona, Spain, led by Dr Mar a Rosario Luquin Piudo, used a procedure that involved implanting cell fragments extracted from the carotid body in the striate area of the brain. 

Read More…

Clinical Trial for Parkinson’s Disease Medication Ends with Disappointing Result

Tuesday, May 15th, 2007

This month in the journal Movement Disorders researchers published the results of an experimental medication for Parkinson’s disease that bears the labels NS 2330 or tesofensine. Unfortunately, the results were not encouraging. The 261 people that participated in the study did not benefit much from NS 2330.

NS 2330 is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. A dopamine reuptake inhibitor basically keeps dopamine functioning in a person’s brain for a longer period of time. In the science of brain chemicals, the neurotransmitter dopamine is released from one neuron and travels to another neuron as part of a motion message, or even an emotion message. After the dopamine has made its message delivery between the neurons, it is frequently reabsorbed by the neuron that sent it out. That is called reuptake. After reuptake, the neuron often deems the dopamine molecule worn-out and starts to break it down.

You have probably heard of some common dopamine reuptake inhibitors. Some of the most famous or infamous include:

§  Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

§  Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban)

§  Methamphetamine

§  Cocaine

Now of course, some of these chemicals have a lot of medical potential; while at the same time, you would never think of prescribing the very powerful and illicit dopamine reuptake inhibitors. However, if a substance could stop dopamine from going through the reuptake process, that would mean that there would be more dopamine circulating in the brain to send messages. With NS 2330 providing more dopamine, scientists hoped that many of the Parkinson’s symptoms would subside. However, it did not live up to the expectation.

With any experimental drug, the odds of it succeeding (making it to market) are roughly ten percent. So, this should not be dubbed a failure by any means. If anything, we should be pleased that neuroscientists tried this approach to help people with Parkinson’s disease. Perhaps another dopamine reuptake inhibitor will be more effective in the future.

Parkinson’s Disease Protein Alpha-synuclein May Have Computer-Matched Remedy

Tuesday, May 15th, 2007

Alpha-synuclein is a protein that occurs too abundantly in the brains of people with Parkinson’s disease. Many Parkinson’s disease experts suspect that alpha-synuclein partially causes Parkinson’s disease. In a minority of cases there are genes that instruct the body to make more alpha-synuclein in certain situations. However, in the majority of Parkinson’s disease cases, the scientific world still does not know why there is so much alpha-synuclein present in the brains of people with Parkinson’s. We would all like to know what events lead up to this build-up of alpha-synuclein, so that we can figure out a way to stop the process from happening. Recently, scientists at the University of California, San Diego used a supercomputer to come up with better ideas of how alpha-synuclein develops. However, the more exciting news is that the computer and the scientists learned that another chemical, beta-synuclein, can stop the growth of alpha-synuclein. So, if they were able to administer beta-synuclein it may benefit people currently living with Parkinson’s disease. However, it may actually have more potential to prevent Parkinson’s disease or other conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. So, over the next few years, we’ll have to see if the vision that the computer generated can come close to reality.

Pergolide Being Removed From the Market for Parkinson’s Patients

Thursday, May 10th, 2007

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today announced that manufacturers of pergolide drug products, Permax and its generic variations, will voluntarily remove these drugs from the market because of the risk of serious damage to patients’ heart valves. Pergolide is a dopamine agonist used to manage Parkinson’s disease. Most people with Parkinson’s using dopamine agonists are using newer products such as Mirapex and Requip. Many people with Parkinson’s are also anxiously anticipating the arrival of the dopamine agonist patch. “The patch” will administer a continuous dose of a new generation dopamine agonist. In 2006, an estimated 12,000 patients received prescriptions for pergolide from retail pharmacies in the United States. Patients taking pergolide should contact their doctors to discuss alternate treatments. Patients should not stop taking the medication, as stopping pergolide abruptly can be dangerous.Two recent New England Journal of Medicine studies confirm previous findings associating pergolide with increased chance of regurgitation (backflow of blood) of the mitral, tricuspid, and aortic valves of the heart. Valve regurgitation is a condition in which valves don’t close tightly, allowing blood to flow backward across the valve. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue and heart palpitations.There are alternative therapies available for Parkinson’s disease, including three other dopamine agonists that have not been associated with valvular heart disease. The removal of pergolide products is not expected to adversely affect patient care because of the alternative therapies available.“Based on important new drug safety information, FDA has been working with the manufacturers of pergolide products to voluntarily remove these drugs from the market,” said Douglas Throckmorton, M.D., deputy director of FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “The FDA’s increased evaluation of post-market safety is benefiting the public because, in this case, as new data about the product became available, we were able to remove a less safe drug from the market.”